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| death_date= July 16, 678 (aged 64) | death_place = | resting_place= Jannat al-Baqi, Medina, Hejaz, Arabia | religion= Islam | spouse= Muhammad (m. 619 – June 8, 632) | parents= Abu Bakr Umm Ruman | module = }} ‘Ā’ishah bint Abī Bakr (613/614 – 678 CE;〔 (アラビア語:عائشة) transliteration: ''(unicode:‘Ā’ishah)'' (:ʕaːʔiʃa), also transcribed as A'ishah, Aisyah, Ayesha, A'isha, Aishat, Aishah, or Aisha 〔("Aisha" ). ''Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary''.〕) was one of Muhammad's wives. In Islamic writings, her name is thus often prefixed by the title "Mother of the Believers" (Arabic: أمّ المؤمنين ''umm al-mu'minīn''), per the description of Muhammad's wives in the Qur'an.〔 Aisha had an important role in early Islamic history, both during Muhammad's life and after his death. In Sunni tradition, Aisha is thought to be scholarly and inquisitive. She contributed to the spread of Muhammad's message and served the Muslim community for 44 years after his death. She is also known for narrating 2210 hadiths,〔Islamyat: a core text for students〕 not just on matters related to the Prophet's private life, but also on topics such as inheritance, pilgrimage, and eschatology. Her intellect and knowledge in various subjects, including poetry and medicine, were highly praised by early luminaries such as al-Zuhri and her student Urwa ibn al-Zubayr.〔 Her father, Abu Bakr, became the first caliph to succeed Muhammad, and after two years was succeeded by Umar. During the time of the third caliph Uthman, Aisha had a leading part in the opposition that grew against him, though she did not agree either with those responsible for his assassination nor with the party of Ali.〔 During the reign of Ali, she wanted to avenge Uthman's death, which she attempted to do in the Battle of the Camel. She participated in the battle by giving speeches and leading troops on the back of her camel. She ended up losing the battle, but her involvement and determination left a lasting impression. Afterwards, she lived quietly in Medina for more than twenty years, took no part in politics, and became reconciled to Ali and did not oppose Mu'awiya.〔 The majority of traditional hadith sources state that Aisha was married to Muhammad at the age of six or seven, but she stayed in her parents' home until the age of nine, or ten according to Ibn Hisham, when the marriage was consummated with Muhammad, then 53, in Medina.〔, , , , , , , , , 〕〔, 〕 ==Early life== Aisha was born in late 613 or early 614.〔 i.e., the year 613-614〕 She was the daughter of Umm Ruman and Abu Bakr of Mecca, two of Muhammad's most trusted companions. Aisha was the third and youngest wife of Muhammad.〔 No sources offer much more information about Aisha's childhood years. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Aisha」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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